http://well-being-ng.net/wellBeingNg/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=%E6%B5%B7%E6%98%9F%E5%9F%B9%E5%8A%9B%2F%E8%AB%96%E8%BF%B0%E8%88%87%E5%AF%A6%E8%B8%90%2F%E9%BB%83%E9%88%B4%E8%AB%AD 2026-04-11T07:11:56Z 本 Wiki 上此頁面的修訂歷史 MediaWiki 1.35.14 http://well-being-ng.net/wellBeingNg/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E6%98%9F%E5%9F%B9%E5%8A%9B/%E8%AB%96%E8%BF%B0%E8%88%87%E5%AF%A6%E8%B8%90/%E9%BB%83%E9%88%B4%E8%AB%AD&diff=6197&oldid=prev 2020-04-23T12:40:03Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">建構論</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="zh-Hant-TW"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">←上個修訂</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">於 2020年4月23日 (四) 12:40 的修訂</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l12" >第12行：</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第12行：</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::第三、知識領域的內在既有結構與基礎&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::第三、知識領域的內在既有結構與基礎&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>請分享一段你的學習經驗（從小到大的某一段學習經驗），並說明這段經驗如何呼應主動原則、適應原則及/或發展原則，因而頗能代表你的自主學習經驗！</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>請分享一段你的學習經驗（從小到大的某一段學習經驗），並說明這段經驗如何呼應主動原則、適應原則及/或發展原則，因而頗能代表你的自主學習經驗！</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">先引發主動,概念在真實世界中發生適應上的困難,進行調整,重新建構調整一個概念,產生內在的改變,調整發展.</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">有次序性但不一定有層次.</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">文化差異反應出建構的主觀性.</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">誘發認知失衡引發學習動機</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===建構論取向的教學===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===建構論取向的教學===</div></td></tr> <!-- diff cache key wbn:diff::1.12:old-6171:rev-6197 --> </table>

黃鈴諭 http://well-being-ng.net/wellBeingNg/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E6%98%9F%E5%9F%B9%E5%8A%9B/%E8%AB%96%E8%BF%B0%E8%88%87%E5%AF%A6%E8%B8%90/%E9%BB%83%E9%88%B4%E8%AB%AD&diff=6171&oldid=prev 2020-04-21T09:06:21Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">五、重視認知歷程，而不只是偏重結果與最後產品</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="zh-Hant-TW"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">←上個修訂</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">於 2020年4月21日 (二) 09:06 的修訂</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l71" >第71行：</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第71行：</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#第二，即使答案正確，學習者所用的方法或所經歷的歷程，仍然可能是錯的或非常無效率的；</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#第二，即使答案正確，學習者所用的方法或所經歷的歷程，仍然可能是錯的或非常無效率的；</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#第三，即使答案和方法都正確，但正確的方法往往不只一個，不同的學習者往往用了不同的解題策略。&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#第三，即使答案和方法都正確，但正確的方法往往不只一個，不同的學習者往往用了不同的解題策略。&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(二)、在重視歷程的導向之下，成績評量應該重視「&#039;&#039;&#039;形成性測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;」( formative tests )，而不是「總結性測驗」( summative tests )；應該重視&#039;&#039;&#039;診斷測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">，而不是成就測驗。br</del>/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(二)、在重視歷程的導向之下，成績評量應該重視「&#039;&#039;&#039;形成性測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;」( formative tests )，而不是「總結性測驗」( summative tests )；應該重視&#039;&#039;&#039;診斷測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">，而不是成就測驗。&lt;br</ins>/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(三)、2018 PISA公布：根據以下三個指標:&lt;br/&gt;1、「當我失敗，我擔心其他人怎麼看我。」&lt;br/&gt;2、「當我失敗，我怕其實自己沒天分。」&lt;br/&gt;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">3、「當我失敗，我會質疑自己的未來規劃。」進行調查，結果發現：台灣學生是全世界最「害怕失敗」的學生。br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(三)、2018 PISA公布：根據以下三個指標:&lt;br/&gt;1、「當我失敗，我擔心其他人怎麼看我。」&lt;br/&gt;2、「當我失敗，我怕其實自己沒天分。」&lt;br/&gt;<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">3、「當我失敗，我會質疑自己的未來規劃。」進行調查，結果發現：台灣學生是全世界最「害怕失敗」的學生。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:提問:</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:提問:</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#你對這個發現，有何評論？</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#你對這個發現，有何評論？</div></td></tr> <!-- diff cache key wbn:diff::1.12:old-6170:rev-6171 --> </table>

黃鈴諭 http://well-being-ng.net/wellBeingNg/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E6%98%9F%E5%9F%B9%E5%8A%9B/%E8%AB%96%E8%BF%B0%E8%88%87%E5%AF%A6%E8%B8%90/%E9%BB%83%E9%88%B4%E8%AB%AD&diff=6170&oldid=prev 2020-04-21T09:05:52Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">五、重視認知歷程，而不只是偏重結果與最後產品</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="zh-Hant-TW"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">←上個修訂</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">於 2020年4月21日 (二) 09:05 的修訂</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l71" >第71行：</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第71行：</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#第二，即使答案正確，學習者所用的方法或所經歷的歷程，仍然可能是錯的或非常無效率的；</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#第二，即使答案正確，學習者所用的方法或所經歷的歷程，仍然可能是錯的或非常無效率的；</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#第三，即使答案和方法都正確，但正確的方法往往不只一個，不同的學習者往往用了不同的解題策略。&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#第三，即使答案和方法都正確，但正確的方法往往不只一個，不同的學習者往往用了不同的解題策略。&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(二)、在重視歷程的導向之下，成績評量應該重視「&#039;&#039;&#039;形成性測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;」( formative tests )，而不是「總結性測驗」( summative tests )；應該重視&#039;&#039;&#039;診斷測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">，而不是成就測驗。</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(二)、在重視歷程的導向之下，成績評量應該重視「&#039;&#039;&#039;形成性測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;」( formative tests )，而不是「總結性測驗」( summative tests )；應該重視&#039;&#039;&#039;診斷測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">，而不是成就測驗。br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(三)、2018 PISA公布：根據以下三個指標:&lt;br/&gt;1、「當我失敗，我擔心其他人怎麼看我。」&lt;br/&gt;2、「當我失敗，我怕其實自己沒天分。」&lt;br/&gt;<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">3、「當我失敗，我會質疑自己的未來規劃。」進行調查，結果發現：台灣學生是全世界最「害怕失敗」的學生。br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(三)、2018 PISA公布：根據以下三個指標:&lt;br/&gt;1、「當我失敗，我擔心其他人怎麼看我。」&lt;br/&gt;2、「當我失敗，我怕其實自己沒天分。」&lt;br/&gt;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">3、「當我失敗，我會質疑自己的未來規劃。」進行調查，結果發現：台灣學生是全世界最「害怕失敗」的學生。</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:提問:</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:提問:</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#你對這個發現，有何評論？</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#你對這個發現，有何評論？</div></td></tr> <!-- diff cache key wbn:diff::1.12:old-6169:rev-6170 --> </table>

黃鈴諭 http://well-being-ng.net/wellBeingNg/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E6%98%9F%E5%9F%B9%E5%8A%9B/%E8%AB%96%E8%BF%B0%E8%88%87%E5%AF%A6%E8%B8%90/%E9%BB%83%E9%88%B4%E8%AB%AD&diff=6169&oldid=prev 2020-04-21T09:05:17Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">五、重視認知歷程，而不只是偏重結果與最後產品</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="zh-Hant-TW"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">←上個修訂</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">於 2020年4月21日 (二) 09:05 的修訂</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l73" >第73行：</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第73行：</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(二)、在重視歷程的導向之下，成績評量應該重視「&#039;&#039;&#039;形成性測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;」( formative tests )，而不是「總結性測驗」( summative tests )；應該重視&#039;&#039;&#039;診斷測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;，而不是成就測驗。</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(二)、在重視歷程的導向之下，成績評量應該重視「&#039;&#039;&#039;形成性測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;」( formative tests )，而不是「總結性測驗」( summative tests )；應該重視&#039;&#039;&#039;診斷測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;，而不是成就測驗。</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(三)<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">、提問&lt;br/&gt;2018 </del>PISA公布：根據以下三個指標:&lt;br/&gt;1、「當我失敗，我擔心其他人怎麼看我。」&lt;br/&gt;2、「當我失敗，我怕其實自己沒天分。」&lt;br/&gt;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">3、「當我失敗，我會質疑自己的未來規劃。」進行調查，結果發現：</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(三)<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">、2018 </ins>PISA公布：根據以下三個指標:&lt;br/&gt;1、「當我失敗，我擔心其他人怎麼看我。」&lt;br/&gt;2、「當我失敗，我怕其實自己沒天分。」&lt;br/&gt;<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">3、「當我失敗，我會質疑自己的未來規劃。」進行調查，結果發現：台灣學生是全世界最「害怕失敗」的學生。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">台灣學生是全世界最「害怕失敗」的學生。你對這個發現，有何評論？</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">:提問:</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">你對這個發現，有何評論？</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#從建構論的觀點來看，害怕失敗的心態對於學習有何重大不利？</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#從建構論的觀點來看，害怕失敗的心態對於學習有何重大不利？</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#如何培育學生勇於嘗試、不怕失敗的精神（請提出具體策略）？</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#如何培育學生勇於嘗試、不怕失敗的精神（請提出具體策略）？</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#為什麼我們的學生那麼害怕失敗？這與華人文化有關嗎？如何改變學</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#為什麼我們的學生那麼害怕失敗？這與華人文化有關嗎？如何改變學</div></td></tr> <!-- diff cache key wbn:diff::1.12:old-6168:rev-6169 --> </table>

黃鈴諭 http://well-being-ng.net/wellBeingNg/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E6%98%9F%E5%9F%B9%E5%8A%9B/%E8%AB%96%E8%BF%B0%E8%88%87%E5%AF%A6%E8%B8%90/%E9%BB%83%E9%88%B4%E8%AB%AD&diff=6168&oldid=prev 2020-04-21T09:03:57Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">五、重視認知歷程，而不只是偏重結果與最後產品</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="zh-Hant-TW"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">←上個修訂</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">於 2020年4月21日 (二) 09:03 的修訂</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l73" >第73行：</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第73行：</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(二)、在重視歷程的導向之下，成績評量應該重視「&#039;&#039;&#039;形成性測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;」( formative tests )，而不是「總結性測驗」( summative tests )；應該重視&#039;&#039;&#039;診斷測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;，而不是成就測驗。</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(二)、在重視歷程的導向之下，成績評量應該重視「&#039;&#039;&#039;形成性測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;」( formative tests )，而不是「總結性測驗」( summative tests )；應該重視&#039;&#039;&#039;診斷測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;，而不是成就測驗。</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(三)、提問&lt;br/&gt;2018 PISA公布：根據以下三個指標:</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(三)、提問&lt;br/&gt;2018 PISA公布：根據以下三個指標:<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;br/&gt;1、「當我失敗，我擔心其他人怎麼看我。」&lt;br/&gt;2、「當我失敗，我怕其實自己沒天分。」&lt;br/&gt;3、「當我失敗，我會質疑自己的未來規劃。」進行調查，結果發現：</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">:#「當我失敗，我擔心其他人怎麼看我。」</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">:#「當我失敗，我怕其實自己沒天分。」</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">:#「當我失敗，我會質疑自己的未來規劃。」進行調查，結果發現：</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#台灣學生是全世界最「害怕失敗」的學生。你對這個發現，有何評論？</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#台灣學生是全世界最「害怕失敗」的學生。你對這個發現，有何評論？</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#從建構論的觀點來看，害怕失敗的心態對於學習有何重大不利？</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#從建構論的觀點來看，害怕失敗的心態對於學習有何重大不利？</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#如何培育學生勇於嘗試、不怕失敗的精神（請提出具體策略）？</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#如何培育學生勇於嘗試、不怕失敗的精神（請提出具體策略）？</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#為什麼我們的學生那麼害怕失敗？這與華人文化有關嗎？如何改變學</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#為什麼我們的學生那麼害怕失敗？這與華人文化有關嗎？如何改變學</div></td></tr> </table>

黃鈴諭 http://well-being-ng.net/wellBeingNg/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E6%98%9F%E5%9F%B9%E5%8A%9B/%E8%AB%96%E8%BF%B0%E8%88%87%E5%AF%A6%E8%B8%90/%E9%BB%83%E9%88%B4%E8%AB%AD&diff=6167&oldid=prev 2020-04-21T09:02:38Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">五、重視認知歷程，而不只是偏重結果與最後產品</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="zh-Hant-TW"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">←上個修訂</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">於 2020年4月21日 (二) 09:02 的修訂</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l73" >第73行：</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第73行：</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(二)、在重視歷程的導向之下，成績評量應該重視「&#039;&#039;&#039;形成性測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;」( formative tests )，而不是「總結性測驗」( summative tests )；應該重視&#039;&#039;&#039;診斷測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;，而不是成就測驗。</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(二)、在重視歷程的導向之下，成績評量應該重視「&#039;&#039;&#039;形成性測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;」( formative tests )，而不是「總結性測驗」( summative tests )；應該重視&#039;&#039;&#039;診斷測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;，而不是成就測驗。</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">提問</del>&lt;br/&gt;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">)</del>2018 PISA公布：根據以下三個指標:</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">三)、提問</ins>&lt;br/&gt;2018 PISA公布：根據以下三個指標:</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#「當我失敗，我擔心其他人怎麼看我。」</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#「當我失敗，我擔心其他人怎麼看我。」</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#「當我失敗，我怕其實自己沒天分。」</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#「當我失敗，我怕其實自己沒天分。」</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">「當我失敗，我會質疑自己的未來規劃。」進行調查 </del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">「當我失敗，我會質疑自己的未來規劃。」進行調查，結果發現：</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">:結果發現:</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#台灣學生是全世界最「害怕失敗」的學生。你對這個發現，有何評論？</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#台灣學生是全世界最「害怕失敗」的學生。你對這個發現，有何評論？</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#從建構論的觀點來看，害怕失敗的心態對於學習有何重大不利？</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#從建構論的觀點來看，害怕失敗的心態對於學習有何重大不利？</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#如何培育學生勇於嘗試、不怕失敗的精神（請提出具體策略）？</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#如何培育學生勇於嘗試、不怕失敗的精神（請提出具體策略）？</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#為什麼我們的學生那麼害怕失敗？這與華人文化有關嗎？如何改變學</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#為什麼我們的學生那麼害怕失敗？這與華人文化有關嗎？如何改變學</div></td></tr> <!-- diff cache key wbn:diff::1.12:old-6166:rev-6167 --> </table>

黃鈴諭 http://well-being-ng.net/wellBeingNg/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E6%98%9F%E5%9F%B9%E5%8A%9B/%E8%AB%96%E8%BF%B0%E8%88%87%E5%AF%A6%E8%B8%90/%E9%BB%83%E9%88%B4%E8%AB%AD&diff=6166&oldid=prev 2020-04-21T09:00:45Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">五、重視認知歷程，而不只是偏重結果與最後產品</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="zh-Hant-TW"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">←上個修訂</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">於 2020年4月21日 (二) 09:00 的修訂</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l72" >第72行：</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第72行：</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#第三，即使答案和方法都正確，但正確的方法往往不只一個，不同的學習者往往用了不同的解題策略。&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:#第三，即使答案和方法都正確，但正確的方法往往不只一個，不同的學習者往往用了不同的解題策略。&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(二)、在重視歷程的導向之下，成績評量應該重視「&#039;&#039;&#039;形成性測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;」( formative tests )，而不是「總結性測驗」( summative tests )；應該重視&#039;&#039;&#039;診斷測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;，而不是成就測驗。</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:(二)、在重視歷程的導向之下，成績評量應該重視「&#039;&#039;&#039;形成性測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;」( formative tests )，而不是「總結性測驗」( summative tests )；應該重視&#039;&#039;&#039;診斷測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;，而不是成就測驗。</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:(提問&lt;br/&gt;)2018 PISA公布：根據以下三個指標:</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:#「當我失敗，我擔心其他人怎麼看我。」</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:#「當我失敗，我怕其實自己沒天分。」</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:#「當我失敗，我會質疑自己的未來規劃。」進行調查 </ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:結果發現:</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:#台灣學生是全世界最「害怕失敗」的學生。你對這個發現，有何評論？</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:#從建構論的觀點來看，害怕失敗的心態對於學習有何重大不利？</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:#如何培育學生勇於嘗試、不怕失敗的精神（請提出具體策略）？</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:#為什麼我們的學生那麼害怕失敗？這與華人文化有關嗎？如何改變學</ins></div></td></tr> <!-- diff cache key wbn:diff::1.12:old-6165:rev-6166 --> </table>

黃鈴諭 http://well-being-ng.net/wellBeingNg/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E6%98%9F%E5%9F%B9%E5%8A%9B/%E8%AB%96%E8%BF%B0%E8%88%87%E5%AF%A6%E8%B8%90/%E9%BB%83%E9%88%B4%E8%AB%AD&diff=6165&oldid=prev 2020-04-21T08:57:10Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">五、重視認知歷程，而不只是偏重結果與最後產品</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="zh-Hant-TW"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">←上個修訂</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">於 2020年4月21日 (二) 08:57 的修訂</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l67" >第67行：</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第67行：</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===五、重視認知歷程，而不只是偏重結果與最後產品===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===五、重視認知歷程，而不只是偏重結果與最後產品===</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:(一)、認知學派非常強調解題時的歷程，因為：</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:#如果答案不正確，我們必需知道出錯的原因在那裡；</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:#第二，即使答案正確，學習者所用的方法或所經歷的歷程，仍然可能是錯的或非常無效率的；</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:#第三，即使答案和方法都正確，但正確的方法往往不只一個，不同的學習者往往用了不同的解題策略。&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:(二)、在重視歷程的導向之下，成績評量應該重視「&#039;&#039;&#039;形成性測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;」( formative tests )，而不是「總結性測驗」( summative tests )；應該重視&#039;&#039;&#039;診斷測驗&#039;&#039;&#039;，而不是成就測驗。</ins></div></td></tr> <!-- diff cache key wbn:diff::1.12:old-6164:rev-6165 --> </table>

黃鈴諭 http://well-being-ng.net/wellBeingNg/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E6%98%9F%E5%9F%B9%E5%8A%9B/%E8%AB%96%E8%BF%B0%E8%88%87%E5%AF%A6%E8%B8%90/%E9%BB%83%E9%88%B4%E8%AB%AD&diff=6164&oldid=prev 2020-04-21T08:52:24Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">四、擅用迴瞶訊息淘汰錯誤</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="zh-Hant-TW"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">←上個修訂</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">於 2020年4月21日 (二) 08:52 的修訂</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l61" >第61行：</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第61行：</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>很多學生都需要學習如何學習 ( learning how to learning )</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>很多學生都需要學習如何學習 ( learning how to learning )</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">四、擅用迴瞶訊息淘汰錯誤</del>===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">四、善用迴饋訊息淘汰錯誤</ins>===</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">#認知學派認為&#039;&#039;&#039;迴饋&#039;&#039;&#039;的主要功能在提供訊息。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">#認知學派認為學習者主動形成假設，只有在造成錯誤的時候才會改變其假設 ( Mayer, 1983 )。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">#大部分有用的訊息都是來自於負迴饋，大部分深刻的學習都是來自於發現錯誤。</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===五、重視認知歷程，而不只是偏重結果與最後產品===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===五、重視認知歷程，而不只是偏重結果與最後產品===</div></td></tr> <!-- diff cache key wbn:diff::1.12:old-6163:rev-6164 --> </table>

黃鈴諭 http://well-being-ng.net/wellBeingNg/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E6%98%9F%E5%9F%B9%E5%8A%9B/%E8%AB%96%E8%BF%B0%E8%88%87%E5%AF%A6%E8%B8%90/%E9%BB%83%E9%88%B4%E8%AB%AD&diff=6163&oldid=prev 2020-04-21T08:49:46Z

<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">三、擅用認知策略知識</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="zh-Hant-TW"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">←上個修訂</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">於 2020年4月21日 (二) 08:49 的修訂</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l58" >第58行：</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第58行：</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#促進主動認知涉入的最主要方法是使材料意義化。材料意義化的方式有：&lt;br/&gt;材料具體化 ( 如蒙特梭利教材 )、&lt;br/&gt;動態化 ( 如電腦遊戲 )、&lt;br/&gt;影像化 ( 如以圖片幫助記憶 )、&lt;br/&gt;組織化 ( 建立教材的內在連結 )、&lt;br/&gt;個人化( 讓教材內容與個人的先備知識之間連結起來 )</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#促進主動認知涉入的最主要方法是使材料意義化。材料意義化的方式有：&lt;br/&gt;材料具體化 ( 如蒙特梭利教材 )、&lt;br/&gt;動態化 ( 如電腦遊戲 )、&lt;br/&gt;影像化 ( 如以圖片幫助記憶 )、&lt;br/&gt;組織化 ( 建立教材的內在連結 )、&lt;br/&gt;個人化( 讓教材內容與個人的先備知識之間連結起來 )</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">三、擅用認知策略知識</del>===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">三、善用認知策略知識</ins>===</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">很多學生都需要學習如何學習 ( learning how to learning )</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===四、擅用迴瞶訊息淘汰錯誤===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===四、擅用迴瞶訊息淘汰錯誤===</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===五、重視認知歷程，而不只是偏重結果與最後產品===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===五、重視認知歷程，而不只是偏重結果與最後產品===</div></td></tr> <!-- diff cache key wbn:diff::1.12:old-6162:rev-6163 --> </table>

黃鈴諭